Model Eksploitasi Perempuan Pada Novel Bumi Manusia, Nyai Gowok, Re: Dan Perempuan

Lilik Herawati, Agus Nuryatin, Teguh Supriyanto, Mukh Doyin

Abstract

This research explores the representation of women's exploitation in three modern Indonesian novels, namely Bumi Manusia by Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Nyai Gowok by Budi Sardjono, and Re: and Perempuan by Maman Suherman, through Marxist and postcolonial feminism approaches. The research aims to identify various forms of exploitation of women, such as early marriage, sexual slavery, sexual harassment, and prostitution, and analyze how the three novels reflect gender injustice in social, cultural, and economic contexts. The method used is descriptive qualitative with content analysis technique. The results show that the exploitation of women in the three novels is a product of patriarchal and capitalist structures that objectify women. However, the novels also display women's agency in resisting oppression. This research makes a new contribution by focusing on the Indonesian context and the use of literature as a medium of social criticism.

 

Abstrak

Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi representasi eksploitasi perempuan dalam tiga novel Indonesia modern, yaitu Bumi Manusia karya Pramoedya Ananta Toer, Nyai Gowok karya Budi Sardjono, dan Re: dan Perempuan karya Maman Suherman, melalui pendekatan feminisme Marxis dan postkolonial. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengidentifikasi berbagai bentuk eksploitasi perempuan, seperti pernikahan usia dini, perbudakan seksual, pelecehan seksual, dan prostitusi, serta menganalisis bagaimana ketiga novel tersebut merefleksikan ketidakadilan gender dalam konteks sosial, budaya, dan ekonomi. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dengan teknik analisis isi (content analysis). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa eksploitasi perempuan dalam ketiga novel merupakan produk dari struktur patriarkal dan kapitalis yang mengobjektifikasi perempuan. Meskipun demikian, novel-novel tersebut juga menampilkan agensi perempuan dalam melawan penindasan. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi baru dengan fokus pada konteks Indonesia dan penggunaan karya sastra sebagai medium kritik sosial.

Keywords

eksploitasi perempuan; feminisme marxis; patriarki; sastra indonesia

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.26499/sawer.v31i1.1563

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